Description: Pharmacology Review, a preparation tool for the NCLEX® Examination is primarily related to common drugs, common drug uses, and safety measures necessary when using pharmacologic agents.
Typically, there are questions over a standard few drugs, and typically there are one or two questions over drugs that are not commonly used. The questions related to uncommonly used drugs are generally about safety measures related to all drugs and the nursing graduate is able to determine the correct answer to the question, many times, even if the student is not familiar with the drug in question. Understanding some basic concepts about pharmacology, reviewing a select few drugs, and knowing how to monitor for problems with drugs given will enable most students to do well on answering pharmacology questions on the NCLEX® Examination.
Sample Questions
1. A client has developed a nosocomial infection with a gram-negative organism and has been placed on streptomycin. Choose the nursing action that would help prevent nephrotoxicity.
A. Ask the physician to place the client on a diuretic
B. Encourage fluids and keep an accurate I&O
C. Encourage small, frequent feedings of high protein foods
D. Maintain the client on a 2 gm (or less) sodium diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Fluids will help flush the medication from the body and prevent build up in the kidneys.
2. When reviewing the product information available on a medication, the nurse finds that it is teratogenic. Which client should not receive this medication?
A. Asthmatic
B. Pregnant
C. Child
D. Client with renal failure
Answer: B
Rationale: The term teratogenic means that the medication may cause abnormal development of the fetus if used during pregnancy. Many medications have not been adequately studied; however, no medication that is known to be teratogenic should be administered to a pregnant client unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks.
3. An adult client experiencing an acute myasthenia crisis is to be given pyridostigmine (Mestinon) 25 mg IV bolus. Which nursing precaution is the most important in relation to IV administration of this medication?
A. Keep a prefilled syringe of 0.1 mg of atropine at the bedside
B. Connect the client to a bedside ECG monitor
C. Insert a Foley catheter and monitor urine output hourly
D. Place an intubation tray and endotracheal tube at the bedside
Answer: A
Rationale: IV administration of pyridostigmine may precipitate a cholinergic crisis. Atropine IV is the antidote for this dangerous condition.
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